Sunflower

Helianthus spp.

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• sprouts are edible.

• seeds can be eaten raw.

• seeds can be dried, parched, ground lightly to break shells, and placed in water to separate shells from kernels.

• shells can be roasted to make coffee substitute.

• kernels can be ground into meal.

• kernels can be boiled in water to make gruel.

• kernels can be mixed with bone marrow or grease to make cakes.

• crushed seeds can be boiled in water and oil collected by skimming surface.

• varieties in the Pacific Northwest include Common sunflower (Helianthus annuus) and Prairie sunflower (Helianthus petiolaris).

• grows in open sites and disturbed areas.